A Joint Venture Between Nora And Sakari - 853 Words

The negotiations for a joint venture between Nora and Sakari have been taking place for over two years and 20 meetings. Meeting locations have varied, but have been held in both of the firm’s respective countries of Helsinki and KL. So far, the meetings sunk costs in promoting the JV between the two companies are estimated at RM3 million. There are mutual benefits for a cooperative effort. The main benefit for Sakari would be to meet its strategy of expanding RD centres in to South-east Asia which is a market of unexploited potential. They would be to meet this strategy if they gained access through Malaysia. Nora’s main benefit would be able to fulfill its TMB contract since its bid was reliant on providing â€Å"Sakari’s 4G LTE technology† (XX). Despite the benefits that would occur due to the agreement the negotiation efforts failed to reach a JV agreement between the two entities. Some of the major reasons for negotiation failure were due to difference in goals, negotiation and interaction styles, cultural differences and behaviors, and lack of trust. GOALS, NEGOTIATION AND INTERACTION STYLES Their approaches to negotiation and objectives were very different for each party. Nora went in with an integrative negotiation strategy since they had already won their bid based on using Sakari’s 4G technology and having a successful agreement would be important in fulfilling the contract with TGMXX. The were interested in creating a win-win situation. On the other-hand Sakari’sShow MoreRelatedNora Sakari Case Analysis Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pagesand drawbacks of reconciling with Sakari? There are both benefits and drawbacks of reconciling with Sakari for Nora. The benefits are was follows. First, Nora was motivated by Sakari’s advanced technology and the possibility of acquiring it and replicating it in the future. Nora was interested in securing a share of the contract from TMB, as well as the technology to switch from telecom. Second, Compared to other larger size multinational companies, Sakari was prepared to work out customizedRead MoreNora-Sakar i Case Analysis2540 Words   |  11 PagesNora-Sakari Case Analysis Introduction The Nora-Sakari: A proposed JV in Malaysia set in 2003, focuses on the possible joint venture between Nora Holdings Sdn Bhd, a leading supplier of telecommunications equipment which is based in Malaysia, and Sakari Oy, a Finnish conglomerate, which was a leader in the manufacturing of cellular phones and switching systems from Finland. Nora as well as Sakari was part of a group of seven companies that submitted a five year bid outlined by Malaysia’s nationalRead MoreNora Sakari1861 Words   |  8 PagesNora Sakari case analysis 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Why have the negotiations so far failed to result in an agreement?  Ã‚  Is the formation of the JV between Nora and Sakari the best option for both companies to achieve their respective objectives? Ans. Part 1:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Negotiations to date between Nora and Sakari have failed mainly due to a mutual ignorance of one anothers cultural norms.  One of the key reasons for failed to result in an agreement is that there is huge gap between what Nora and Sakari can sacrificeRead MoreNora Sakari2153 Words   |  9 Pages1. Nora- Sakari: A Proposed JV in Malaysia (Revised) This case presents the perspective of a Malaysian company, Nora Bhd, which was in the process of trying to establish a telecommunications joint venture with a Finnish firm, Sakari Oy. Telecom Malaysia Bhd (TMB), the national telecom company, was given authority by the Malaysian government to develop the country’s telecom infrastructure. In October 2002, TBM called for tenders to bid on a five-year project worth RM2 billion for installing digitalRead MoreNora-Sakari: A Proposed Joint Venture In Malaysia5063 Words   |  21 Pagesand Management in SEA Case Analysis: Nora-Sakari: A Proposed Joint Venture In Malaysia Submission date: 03.03.2004 Nanyang Technological University CONTENTS: ___________________________________________________________________________ Introduction 1 Cultural differences 2 Relationship-Focus vs. Deal Focus 2 Formal vs. Informal 4 Time and Scheduling- Monochromic vs. Polychronic 5 Why Nora should contact Kuusisto in Helsinki. 6 Why shouldnt Nora contact Kuusisto in Helsinki? 9 ConclusionRead MoreGroupcase Nora-Sakari: a Proposed Joint Venture in Malaysia2416 Words   |  10 Pagesalmost always has more than one solution, the question of whether or not a joint venture between Sakari and Nora would be the best option for either of the companies is difficult to assess. However, there are certain benefits, which are mentioned in the case, that clearly outline the initial motivation for forming the join venture. From the Sakari side, the motivation came in the form of a new market in Southeast Asia, while Nora was motivated by Sakari’s telecom technology and the possibility of acquiringRead MoreNora-Sakari Case Analysis2313 Words   |  10 PagesNora-Sakari Case Study Introduction: Nora and Sakari are considering a joint venture to build digital switching exchanges for the telecom industry in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. Nora is a Malaysian telecom company that is looking to become a technology leader in South-east Asia. Sakari on the other hand is a Finish company that is considering expanding its operations in south-east Asian market and is looking for partners for this reason. They are a high Technology company and theRead MoreNora Sakari Case Study for International Management Course2238 Words   |  9 PagesVeena Meer November 13, 2012 International Management Case Analysis: Nora-Sakari: A Proposed JV in Malaysia Companies’ Overview Two leading telecommunications companies are negotiating forming a joint venture (JV) called Nora-Sakari. Sakari Oy (Sakari) was a Finnish conglomerate a leader in manufacturing cell phone sets and switching systems and Nora was a leading supplier of telecom equipment in Malaysia. The proposed JV in Malaysia has the purpose of manufacturing and commissioningRead MoreInternational Joint Ventures (IJVs) Essay example2455 Words   |  10 Pagesworld, multinational corporations (MNCs) need to find new markets to stay competitive. A way in which they can do this is through IJVs. Hyder and Ghauri (2000) estimate the growth of IJVs to be 25% annually. As defined by Geringer (1988), a joint venture (JV) is when two or more distinct companies come together and form a new entity. Geringer and Hebert (1991) extend this definition to include IJVs and stated that if the headquarters of one of the partners is outside the country where the JV is

Annotated Bibliography On Gender And Sexuality - 1955 Words

ENGL360: Desiring Bodies – Gender and Sexuality in Literature and Film Major Essay How is gender identity related to sexuality and sexual practice in Bram Stoker’s Dracula? Introduction – 250 words - Describe how Dracula presents a â€Å"characteristic, if hyperbolic, instance of Victorian anxiety over the potential fluidity of gender roles† (Craft, 111-112). - This essay will aim to show how Dracula inverts conventional Victorian gender patterns through the characterisation of the vampire women and the ‘feminine’ passivity of Jonathan Harker. - The role of the vampire mouth as the primary site of erotic experience as well as an element that separates masculine and feminine: â€Å"brave men† and â€Å"good women†. Part A 500 words Victorian conventions of sexual difference Dracula can be read as an almost transparent metaphor for the confusion, guilt and anger over what is considered to be the ‘proper’ role of women in Victorian society. The ‘vamping’ of a human female - such as in the case of Lucy - succeeds in adding a sexualised and sexualising element to women, who - according to the time period - are then only ‘purified’ through further sexual and violent acts, such as being penetrated by a wooden stake (Skal, 31). Victorian society is noted for its large anxiety over the relationship between desire and gender and traditional conventions of sexual difference: â€Å"The man’s power is active, progressive, defensive. He is eminently the doer, the creator, the discoverer, the defender.Show MoreRelatedA Discussion On Sexuality And Sexually Transmitted Infections / Diseases And Sexual Development Throughout Life955 Words   |  4 Pagesinfections/diseases and sexual development throughout life. As usual, there were multiple assignments. We had our normal issue from the Taking Sides text, though it was only one this week, a discussion on sexuality in later life, the quiz and this wonderful three page reflection paper. Additionally our annotated bibliography was due this week. As usual, I will start with this week’s reading from the Taking Sides text. This week was slightly different in that we were given only one topic to read and discussRead MoreAshford 4: - Week 3 - Assignment1335 Words   |  6 Pagestwo sentence summary of the main conclusions that you drew while researching your topic and that you will support in your paper by constructing a logical argument based on evidence (sources). You will then create an annotated bibliography. To create an annotated bibliography, list each source in full APA reference format. Then, beneath each source write a brief (one or two paragraph) explanation of the important information in the source and how you plan to use it in your paper. The annotationsRead More Feminist Criticism of Shakespeares Hamlet Essay2539 Words   |  11 Pagessignificance of gender both to Shakespeare and to the characters he presents. In order to interpret the significance of the feminine within the relationships in the play, one must first understand precisely the nature of feminine. Though this term is typically associated only with women, Hamlet in many regards breaks down these barriers. While women are almost always feminine in some respect, the male characters in Hamlet are often embodiments of feminine virtues, such as female sexuality, motherhoodRead MoreI Am Not My Sexuality2343 Words   |  10 PagesI Am Not My Sexuality: Annotated Bibliography and Outline Unit 5 Course 5334 Annotated Bibliography Aldrich, R. (2004). Homosexuality and the city: an historical overview. Urban Studies, 41(9), 1719-1737. Aldrich gives a historical overview of the history of homosexuality. He goes back to the Roman times and discusses Sodom and Gomorrah and continues to the present day. He makes mention of how homosexuals left various cities to escape the traditional life constraints and went to other citiesRead MoreThe Role Of Visual Arts For Stage Interventions Into The Representation Of The Female Self722 Words   |  3 Pagesmythology and religion; understand the confrontation between subject and object in women representation; analyse the practices associated with Surrealism which presented women artists with the potential to disrupt traditional ways of seeing. †¨ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY †¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨MIRROR: ITS FUNCTION IN ART - HOW CONTEMPORARY WOMEN ARTISTS CHALLENGED TRADITIONAL ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES†¨ Facing Ourselves: The Changing Role of  Portraiture https://nbmaa.wordpress.com/2011/06/21/facing-ourselves-the-changing-role-of-portraiture/†¨ItRead MoreOverview. Octavia Butler’S Kindred Focuses On The Perspective1731 Words   |  7 Pagesorder to emphasize the widespread effects of prejudice upon human rights. In addition, the contrast of societies also serves to compare the troubles of the past society from the progressive perspective of 1976. The articles chosen within this annotated bibliography focus specifically on the multiple impacts of slavery. In addition, these articles were chosen specifically due to the variety of different arguments and perspectives each author claims; however, each article centers around the main issueRead MoreAn Annotated Bibliography Of Jane Austen s Pride And Prejudice 1561 Words   |  7 PagesGoing Against the Societal Norm in Pride and Prejudice: An Annotated Bibliography Thesis: Throughout the text of Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen challenges gender and social norms in the Georgian Era through the development of Elizabeth Bennet as she interacts with characters in the novel. Greenfield, Susan C. THE ABSENT-MINDED HEROINE: OR, ELIZABETH BENNET HAS †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦A THOUGHT. Eighteenth - Century Studies, vol. 39, no. 3, 2006, pp. 337-350,419-420, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Arts Humanities Database, †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.http://ncliveRead MoreThe Debate On Homosexuality And Homosexuality1229 Words   |  5 PagesKirsten Brockhoff Panel Presentation Paper Christian Ethics October 20, 2014 Homosexuality Homosexuality is defined as, the sexual or romantic attraction to members of the same gender. A male who practices homosexuality is known as being gay. The word ‘gay’ did not originally have any connection to a sexual connotation. In fact, the word was originally express feelings of happiness or carefree attitude. It was not until the twentieth century that people used the term gay to indicate a sexual orientationRead MoreJustifying Madonna s Work By Madonna2190 Words   |  9 Pagessupporters. It was important for Madonna to show the world the meaning of being sexually free and being able to express sexuality without regards to the social norms. The music video Justify My Love by Madonna portrays Sexuality and Nudity in the hopes of creating a more open minding culture with regards to gender expression. The music video features a wide range of abnormal sexuality behavior, as well as nudity, which caused it to be banned by MTV. MTV is a television channel with a wide c overage inRead MoreEssay on Georgia OKeefe (includes annotated bibliography)2286 Words   |  10 PagesGeorgia O’Keefe (word count includes annotated bibliography) Georgia O’Keefe is a famous American painter who painted beautiful flowers and landscapes. But she painted these images in such a way that many people believed she was portraying sexual imagery. â€Å"O’Keefe’s depictions of flowers in strict frontality and enlarged to giant scale were entirely original in character . . . the view into the open blossoms evoked an image of the female psyche and invited erotic associations.† (Joachimides 47)

The Questia Online Library Free Essays

According to the book, â€Å"The Shapers of America Fiction† by George Snell, published in 1947, â€Å"Not since Poe has an American produced a horror tale match â€Å"A Rose for Emily,† which is perfect story from the technical point of view, and one of the most effective and violent stories even Faulkner himself has written. Its gradual unfolding of the character Miss Emily, its full acquiescent gifts of revelation, the carefully sown clues and the well-prepared yet shocking climax and denouement are among the marvels of the Faulkner virtuosity. † (Snell 96-97) Truly, this fine, fiendishly brilliant, subtle story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† outshines many of its kind in the short story done so far in America during the time it was written. We will write a custom essay sample on The Questia Online Library or any similar topic only for you Order Now I agree with Snell when he said that Faulkner is as great as Poe. The story is the commonsensical development of Poe, but brought to an elevated degree of force since its action takes place not in some misty mid region but circumstantially and precisely in an identifiable South, with all the appurtenances and censures of a civilization which Faulkner recognizes and concurrently loves and hates. The misfortune that Faulkner depicts does, of course, entail the passing of time and the simultaneous changing of customs. Hence, time in â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is noteworthy as based on personal experience, cultural history, and aesthetic technique. One would say that the story shows how modest Faulkner has been reserved by the principles of Southern life, which have dictated to many Southern writers how diminutive of reality they could deal with. At the same time shows his obvious ineluctable affinity with Poe, as with Faulkner’s style and as master of the bizarre and morbid. In 1949, William Faulkner was given the world’s premier literary award, the Nobel Prize in Literature. No wonder the Mississippi native William Faulkner is considered one of the world’s best writers and conceivably the most momentous writer the United States has yet produced. Reading Faulkner permits today’s culture to take a step back in era and capture a glance of one of the most evolutionary epochs in American society. William Faulkner said, â€Å"That was simply another manifestation of man’s injustice to man, of the poor tragic human being struggling with its own heart, with others, with its environment, for the simple things which all human beings want. In that case it was a young girl that just wanted to be loved and to love and to have a husband and a family. † Work Cited: â€Å"The Questia Online Library. † 23 June 2007 http://www. questia. com/read/10392194#. How to cite The Questia Online Library, Papers

Intrinsic and Rational Speculative Bubbles †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Intrinsic and Rational Speculative Bubbles. Answer: Introduction: The given statement is false. If government want to increase demand by $5 billion then it has to carry out government spending greater than $5 billion. The effect on aggregate demand because of fiscal policy expansion depends on the multiplier effect derived from the IS curve (Palley, 2015). For a closed economy the effect of change in government expenditure on aggregate demand depends on the multiplier given as The expansionary fiscal policy leads to an increase in interest rate, which affect investment and dampen the expansionary effect. This is called crowding out effect. In the open economy the additional leakage exits induced by imports. The open economy with a fixed exchange rate regime has a smaller crowding out effect than the closed economy. Once the economy move from fixed to flexible exchange rate regime the situation is reversed. With flexible exchange rate, the interest rate alters the net export and creates crowding out both in domestic and international market. In a restrictive monetary policy, the monetary authority reduces money supply in the economy. The reduced money supply increases the interest rate in the credit market. The economy contracts and so is the consumption and investment. With a higher interest rate, the cost of borrowing fund increases and people borrow less fund to invest in housing market (Calza, Monacelli Stracca, 2013). The reduced demand for housing property reduces housing price. Any exogenous factor that influences housing demand can counter the situation. The fiscal stimulus in form of concession of taxes because of investing in credit market can make housing investment more lucrative and boost prices. Another condition that can prevent housing price from falling a low level is the immigration in the nation. Growing demand for immigrant accommodation maintain a balanced in demand and price. In United State, housing bubble burst because of sudden fall in interest rate and leads to financial crisis. Australia is another example of nation facing crisis in the property market because of monetary policy and other external factors. In order to achieve targeted inflation rate and economic growth Bank of Canada reduces the overnight interest rate. The policy include prime lending rate and mortgage rate as well. The lower interest rate make ownership of home more affordable and benefits the homeowners by raising demand for properties and properties. The decreases in the mortgage rate affect homeownership to a broader population segment. It helps the homeowners to fulfill the ambition of home owning and buy expensive houses. The homeowners enjoy a wealth affect because of raising property price without taking any action (Allen et al., 2016). In Canada, tax concessions are provided to purchase new house or even to renovate the existing houses. Other programs in Canada provide benefit to homeowners. One example of the beneficiary program is Home Buyers Plan. It allows withdraw of fun amount up to $25,000 from the retirement saving plan to finance purchasing of new home or construction. Home accessibility tax credit is another tax policy that allows a claimed tax concession up to $10,000. The economic policy framework of the governing authorities of a country has immense implications on the overall economic welfare of the residents living in the country as well as the economic health of the country itself. Economic policies are mainly classified into two types, the fiscal policies, which collectively deal with taxing and government expenditure and productivity aspects and the monetary policies, which are primarily concerned with the regulation of the money supply and the interest rates prevailing in the country (Sterner, 2012). Therefore, a lot of the economic welfare of the country as well as its residents depend on how efficient the policy framework is and any faulty and inefficient policy, fiscal as well as monetary, can have immense negative implications on the country in an overall framework. The essay, tries to capture this aspect of a faulty policy framework on the overall economy, taking reference of the Global Economic Crisis of 2008, which started in the USA and percolated to almost all the other parts of the world with time (Rios, McConnell Brue, 2013). One of the most notable economic phenomena, in the global scenario, which had immense and long term implications (mostly negative) on almost all the major economies of the of the world, was the Global Financial Crisis, which occurred in 2008, which had its initiation in the United States of America. The primary reason behind the occurrence of the Global Financial Crisis, as asserted by many eminent economists, all over the world, was the bursting of the investment bubble in the housing sector of the country. This was fallout of shortsighted economic policy structure of the country and the wrong speculations of the investment side players involved (McDonald Stokes, 2013). Housing Bubble: Creation and Burst Before the period of occurrence of the Financial Crisis, the housing sector of the country was experiencing a boom in the real estate sector, especially the housing sector of the economy. The housing prices were steadily and impressively increasing in the country, in the decade preceding the crisis, which can be seen from the following figure: One of the primary contributing factors in this hike in the housing prices in the country was the speculation of the investors (which also included the households) in this sector, who took the residential properties as a type of asset. Thus, started investing more and more in this sector with the speculation the prices of these assets would never fall. The households also showed the similar investment pattern and were backed by the monetary policies of the then government, which in order to facilitate more investment in this sector, designed the loan and mortgage policies in the real sector accordingly. The interest rates prevailing in the country, in this aspect, were exceptionally low to encourage investment in the residential sector, by proving easy borrowing and financing facilities to the investors. The housing tax policies of the country were also designed in such a way which increased the risk taking behavior of both the investors as well as the banks and the financial institutions, the providers of the loans, extensively (Berkmen et al., 2012). This created a huge immense bubble in this sector with time and when the interest rates started rising in the succeeding periods, the housing bubble burst in the economy, which led to immense negative repercussions including one of the biggest bankruptcies in the world, of that of the Lehman Brothers, with which the Global Financial Crisis started. Conclusion From the above discussion of one of the biggest real case economic phenomena in the world, it is evident that much of the economic welfare of a country as well as its residents, both short term as well as long term, depend on the economic policy frameworks of the country as well as of the global economic scenario. Any dynamics in the same is expected to have significant implications on the economy itself. References Allen, J., Grieder, T., Peterson, B. M., Roberts, T. (2016). The impact of macroprudential housing finance tools in Canada: 2005-10. Berkmen, S. P., Gelos, G., Rennhack, R., Walsh, J. P. (2012). The global financial crisis: Explaining cross-country differences in the output impact.Journal of International Money and Finance,31(1), 42-59. Calza, A., Monacelli, T., Stracca, L. (2013). Housing finance and monetary policy.Journal of the European Economic Association,11(suppl_1), 101-122. McDonald, J. F., Stokes, H. H. (2013). Monetary policy and the housing bubble.The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics,46(3), 437-451. Nneji, O., Brooks, C., Ward, C. (2013). Intrinsic and rational speculative bubbles in the US housing market: 1960-2011.Journal of Real Estate Research,35(2), 121-151. Palley, T. I. (2015). Money, fiscal policy, and interest rates: A critique of Modern Monetary Theory.Review of Political Economy,27(1), 1-23. Rios, M. C., McConnell, C. R., Brue, S. L. (2013).Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill. Sterner, T. (Ed.). (2012).Economic policies for sustainable development(Vol. 7). Springer Science Business Media.